Outline the Theory of Natural Law

Normal Law is an absolutist and deontological way to deal with ethnics that gives us fixed good principles dependent on a nature that is deciphered by human explanation. Thomas Aquinus connected this with the Christian educating, which reflected God’s plans to work inside us, this idea is Natural Law. Thomas Aquinus was affected by Aristotle’s works. Aristotle had a view that we as a whole have a reason on this planet and so as to satisfy this reason we should arrive at a condition of eudemonia, which is a definitive satisfaction and living in an arranged society.He likewise accepted that reason is the main manner by which eudemonia can be accomplished. He accepted that we should all carry on with an existence of reason. He likewise accepted that normal laws are general and unchangeable, which implies it ought to be regular inside various societies. Aquinus expressed that there are three sorts of laws. Everlasting law, which reveals to us how the universe was made, this is the law that controls our entire universe. Endless laws are just observed as reflections, the impact every single other law in our universe. These laws cooperate reasonably to give a structure where we can reason logically.Divine law: this is the law that is known by just the individuals who have faith in God and the individuals who they have been uncovered to. The last law Aquinus expressed is regular law: this is the ethical law of God that is known by reason.. Cicero stated, â€Å"True law is the correct explanation in concurrence with nature. † The principal forms otherwise called the five essential statute of regular law are venerate, an arranged society, propagation, learning and training and finally safeguarding the honest. God engraves these statutes into us in any case on whether you are an adherent or not.Aquinus accepted that we are for the most part normally slanted to â€Å"do great and maintain a strategic distance from evil†. Aquinus doesn't accept t hat humans’ reason for existing is eudemonia, however is flawlessness, for we are made in the picture of God, so the Supreme great must be forming into this picture of Christ. Aquinus likewise informs us concerning the two sorts of good deeds. Genuine great and clear great. Genuine great is the point at which an activity is done from the integrity of one’s heart. Genuine great has to do with an unadulterated heart and no terrible goals or thought. Working out a genuine decent has to do with â€Å"reason†. Both the inside demonstration and the outside demonstration of an activity must be pure.An evident acceptable is the point at which somebody thinks what the individual in question is doing is acceptable, in the mean time it is terrible and a wrongdoing is being dedicated. A model is a man who is engaging in extramarital relations may accept that his relationship with someone else is acceptable; in the interim in all actuality he is submitting a genuine offense. Auxiliary statutes are found when we apply the essential statutes to viable circumstance. This has to do with how we treat various circumstances when deciding. Various circumstances must be dealt with in an unexpected way. Optional statutes become more teleological.Reason and experience are expected to come out with the correct result. A model would be the essential statute to revere God ,the auxiliary statutes is to decide if the method of love is satisfactory and legitimate. Shockingly there are a few conditions when well meaning goals produce a terrible result and the other way around. This was what achieved the â€Å"Doctrine of the Double Effect†. Despite the fact that it is never adequate to accomplish something awful seeking after a decent result, accomplishing something great that delivers an awful result is worthy, as long as it was not done intentionally.For model a pregnant lady who has malignant growth may need to experience chemotherapy as a decent demonstration to protect her life. In any case, the awful unintended reactions could be that the embryo is murdered. Aquinus’ Natural Law gives us an outright arrangement of rules to follow regardless of your religion or social foundation. These ethical guidelines can be reached at last contingent upon reason. A portion of the qualities of normal law are that it builds up regular standards that can without much of a stretch be followed. The fundamental standards of protecting human life, multiplication, learning and living in a general public are for the most part normal to societies, so common law is reasonable.It likewise doesn't direct precisely what we should do; it gives us rules about what ought to be done in singular cases. Ultimately, it focuses on human character and its capability to prosper and goodness rather than the misleading quality of the specific demonstrations. A couple of shortcomings are that common law is hard to relate in complex circumstances by and by. It addition ally gives individuals the plan to put together their choices with respect to suppositions. In the event that individuals don’t have this sound judgment, at that point it could be hard to make great decisions. Additionally it isn't workable for a solitary human instinct to be normal to all social orders.

According to CRC- Healthcare Factbook Essays

As indicated by CRC-Healthcare Factbook Essays As indicated by CRC-Healthcare Factbook Paper As indicated by CRC-Healthcare Factbook Paper Wellbeing is a condition of complete physical, mental and social prosperity, not just the nonattendance of ailment or infirmity.† â€World Health Organization This is the most widely recognized meaning of wellbeing today. In any case, are individuals truly accomplishing the perfect heath today. As per CRC-Healthcare Factbook (1990) the social insurance conveyance framework is the totality of all approaches foundations, offices, gear, items, HR, and administrations that address the wellbeing needs, issues and worries surprisingly. Both open and private divisions keep up their own wellbeing offices, (for example, emergency clinics, facilities and analytic focuses). Preventive human services is a significant worry of the administration claimed wellbeing focuses while remedial consideration is given by emergency clinics, both government and private. The strength of people and networks are, to a huge degree, influenced by blend of numerous elements. A person’s wellbeing is controlled by his conditions and condition. It is unseemly in this way to fault or credit the person’s condition of wellbeing to himself alone on the grounds that he is far-fetched ready to legitimately control a considerable lot of these variables notwithstanding, information on these components is significant so as to successfully advance wellbeing and forestall ailment. It is likewise essential to take note of that in understanding the multidimensional idea of wellbeing, the general wellbeing medical caretaker will presently be in better situation to plan and actualize wellbeing advancing mediations for people and networks.

The 529 Plan Pot O Gold Is Growing!

Many future college students should be feeling lucky this St. Patrickï ¿ ½s Day. A report released by the College Savings Plan Network (CSPN) announced that total investments in 529 college savings plans hit a record level of $227 billion. Thatï ¿ ½s $227 billion that will grow tax-free, and wonï ¿ ½t be taxed at withdrawal time if used to pay for qualified educational expenses. However, families still have a long way to get to the end of the rainbow. A recent article on Forbes.com points out that although the average account balance reached a new high of $19,584, this amount wonï ¿ ½t even cover the total costs of a studentï ¿ ½s freshman year at a public four-year school (See our college costs infographic). Some savings are always better than no savings, but we agree with Forbes.com that there is certainly an opportunity for more families to take advantage of the benefits of 529 plans. The CSPN data also suggests that many savers are not regularly putting money into their accounts. 48 percent of accounts did not receive contributions last year, which is partially due to the rising number of grandparents opening accounts. According to our Annual College Savings Survey, only 15 percent of grandparents plan on increasing their 529 contribution amounts in line with their income, compared to 30 percent of parents. Grandparents and other relatives may also open accounts with an initial lump sum instead of giving monthly deposits. State politicians are coming up with ways to promote the use 529 savings plans, including offering new tax incentives. Our Survey revealed that issues related to 529 plan state regulations are one of the biggest areas of confusion for our readers. Be sure to explore all of the benefits offered by your state, but keep in mind that you are not obligated to invest in your stateï ¿ ½s plan. Forbes.com reminds us that if you do receive a tax break, donï ¿ ½t forget to report contributions on your tax return each year. Many future college students should be feeling lucky this St. Patrickï ¿ ½s Day. A report released by the College Savings Plan Network (CSPN) announced that total investments in 529 college savings plans hit a record level of $227 billion. Thatï ¿ ½s $227 billion that will grow tax-free, and wonï ¿ ½t be taxed at withdrawal time if used to pay for qualified educational expenses. However, families still have a long way to get to the end of the rainbow. A recent article on Forbes.com points out that although the average account balance reached a new high of $19,584, this amount wonï ¿ ½t even cover the total costs of a studentï ¿ ½s freshman year at a public four-year school (See our college costs infographic). Some savings are always better than no savings, but we agree with Forbes.com that there is certainly an opportunity for more families to take advantage of the benefits of 529 plans. The CSPN data also suggests that many savers are not regularly putting money into their accounts. 48 percent of accounts did not receive contributions last year, which is partially due to the rising number of grandparents opening accounts. According to our Annual College Savings Survey, only 15 percent of grandparents plan on increasing their 529 contribution amounts in line with their income, compared to 30 percent of parents. Grandparents and other relatives may also open accounts with an initial lump sum instead of giving monthly deposits. State politicians are coming up with ways to promote the use 529 savings plans, including offering new tax incentives. Our Survey revealed that issues related to 529 plan state regulations are one of the biggest areas of confusion for our readers. Be sure to explore all of the benefits offered by your state, but keep in mind that you are not obligated to invest in your stateï ¿ ½s plan. Forbes.com reminds us that if you do receive a tax break, donï ¿ ½t forget to report contributions on your tax return each year.

Negative Effects Of Cell Phones - 1100 Words

In 1973, Martin Cooper, executive at Motorola, created the thing that runs the lives of many ---- a cell phone. For those living under a rock, cell phones are portable telephones that requires cellular network (ATT, Verizon and Tmobile) to make and receive phone calls. For the first time ever, a generation of kids are going through their adolescence with smartphones. As stated by Pew Research Center, â€Å"75% of 12-17 year-olds now own cell phones, up from 45% in 2004† (Lenhart 1). As cell phones advanced over the years, the increase of adolescence users increased. Teenagers nowadays are spending endless amounts of time on their cell phones. According to CNN, â€Å"Fifty percent of teens feel they are addicted to their mobile devices† (Wallace 1).†¦show more content†¦Another reason why teenagers want to use their cell phones is to check their social networking sites. As reported by Amanda Lenhart, the author of â€Å"Mobile Access Shifts Social Media Use and Other Online Activities†, â€Å"...three-quarters (76%) of teens use social media, and 81% of older teens use the sites, compared with 68% of teens 13 to 14...71% of Teen are Facebook users...† (Lenhart 1). Teens are eager users of social media sites and apps. They use social networking sites like Instagram, Facebook and Snapchat. Social media is important to most teens because they want some attention. Social media sites allow teens to bond with people and live their lives vicariously through social media. Lastly, Teens use their cell phones as a portable entertainment devices. Teens use cell phones to listen to music and watch videos instead of relying on their TVs or iPods. According to Aaron Smith, author of â€Å"Americans and Their Cell Phones†, â€Å"70% of 18-29 year old cell owners have used their phone for entertainment when they were bored† (Smith 1). There are apps taking over the tech world that provide games, shows/movies and music on smartphones. Most teens feel it is important to enjoy the services the phone provides. Nowadays, teenagers use apps like youtube and netflix to watch movies/shows anywhere they feel â€Å"bored†. Consequently, Cell phones are an addiction to many teenagers. Many teens are compelled to use their phones while in bed whenShow MoreRelatedNegative Effects of Cell Phones1731 Words   |  7 Pagestask easier. A cell phone is a type of technology that is a common thing to see in everyday life. The world and the people in it have gotten used to this technology. Cell phones are making the lives of an estimated two hundred sixty five million Americans (Natterson 103) and three billion worldwide (Natterson 103), easier. As useful as cell phones may be, there are negative effects in over using cell phones. Cell phone technology was first developed in the 1980’s, but cell phones became common inRead MoreNegative Effects Of Cell Phones1318 Words   |  6 Pagesthe conclusion that there is a strong correlation between the usage of cell phones and personal health. Studies show that cell phones emit radiofrequency energy, which is a form of electromagnetic radiation and it is proven that radiation exposure to the human body is hazardous. Technology has its ups and downs, with that being said cell phones are a good example of how sometimes advancements can be good and bad. Yes, cell phones have a lot of fun things to do, from playing your latest and favoriteRead MoreNegative Effects Of Cell Phones1465 Words   |  6 Pagestremendously. Almost everyone has had a cell phone since middle school age, or even younger. People spend an average of five hours on their phones a day from recent studies (Perez, 2017). Cell phones are a means of communicating with people more often and faster. The average cell phone user spends two hours a day using them. This shows that out of all the down time people have from school, jobs, or other activities, they are usually going to be on their cell phones. Almost everyone is addicted to havingRead MoreThe Negative Effects Of Cell Phones717 Words   |  3 Pages In todays technological era we rely heavily on technology, from our phones all the way to our Smart Tvs. However, peoples need to bring their smartphones with them everywhere they go has started to become a problem regarding the way we connect with others. We need better cell phone etiquette because without it the way people intermingle could completely change in a negative way. A lack of a stricter cell phone etiquette has led people to stop interacting with each other, live their lives throughRead MoreNegative Effects Of Cell Phones1005 Words   |  5 Pagesthat were involved by the cause of having a cell phone. Mobile device has a great impact in the human race, by ad vancing in technology and causing harm in lives. Cell phone etiquette is not disrespecting a person by discarding the conversation and getting on the phone. Today’ s modern world people all around the planet have a cellular device, but do people really know how to use a cell phone? Why do teachers get so frustrated when a student is on their phone while there lecturing? People all aroundRead MoreNegative Effects Of Cell Phones707 Words   |  3 PagesAlmost everyone in the world owns a cell phone. In previous years, mobile devices did not exist. Surprisingly, people would have to use their house phone that everyone in their family shared or they would have to wait until they could the person and talk to them face to face. But, our technology just keeps getting better. Cell phones allow people to communicate quicker and easier that they have become apart of people’s everyday lives. Sadly, there are many negative affects of always having our mobileRead MoreNegative Effe cts Of Cell Phones1192 Words   |  5 PagesIn this day and age, more than half of the worlds population owns and uses cell phones. It is a well-known fact that cell phones emit low doses of radiation each time one is used, however, people tend to brush it off and not think about the long-term effects it may have. Its only small doses, what harm can come from it? That is a question us cell phone users may ask ourselves, yet never really look into or research. Maybe its because we choose not to know the actual truth and just focus on theRead MoreNegative Effects of Cell Phone of Society1609 Words   |  7 PagesSteve Sheridan Professor Simakowicz 1st Draft Paper 13 April 2010 â€Å"Do Cell Phones Help or Hinder Society?† Times have changed tremendously in the last twenty five years in regards to how the world communicates with each other. The birth of new technology such as cell phones with internet capability, laptop computers, and even the recently released I-Pad has made communication with anyone outside of talking distance immediately accessible. Even though to many people this seems like a movement in theRead MoreNegative Effects Of Texting And Cell Phones894 Words   |  4 PagesTexting and cell phones have, of all age groups, likely affected kids the most. In one way, it has made young kids more socially awkward. These kids are being raised having more communication on social media portals and by texting much more often than face to face interaction. This problem will only get worse as we progress into the future. Children that are raised being able to front their problems and meet new people by using a phone will greatly lack the ability to deal with problems face to faceRead MoreNegative Ef fects Of Technology On Cell Phones807 Words   |  4 PagesWith the growth of new technology, society is becoming too dependent on cell phones. Although communication and information may be important over a screen, it may take away from interaction in society. Overuse can cause negative side effects when it is not available as well as take away the overall experience of life itself. Cellular technology has contributed to negative and positive factors. It is best to view each side and understand how to best use it for a healthy lifestyle. To begin with,

The Knowledge Of The Arts And Science Essay - 971 Words

In Metaphysics 1.1 , Aristotle claims â€Å"All men by nature desire to know† (980a) and that this knowledge is freedom. Shortly after claiming man’s want to have knowledge, he begins to distinguish between man and animal; all animals have the knowledge of sense - feeling the cold of a snowflake, or the seeing the sun go down - this all beings have. Aristotle then goes on to describe additional types of knowledge that become more exclusive to the human experience as they go further. Memory knowledge, that only some animals have; the knowledge of experience even less animals have - although some might argue that animals don’t have this knowledge and in fact, this is where the types of knowledge become a privilege that only humans can possess - and finally, the knowledge of art and science, which is agreed that only humans have. It is this type of knowledge that Aristotle says is only allowed once we have the freedom from our most basic needs of survival. Knowledge of the arts and science is the highest level, â€Å"for it was when almost all the necessities of life and the things that make for comfort and recreation had been secured, that such knowledge began to be sought† (982b.22-24.) This freedom, the freedom of learning the most honorable of the levels of knowledge, is highly valued by Aristotle and according to Simonides, only â€Å"God alone can have this privilege† (982b.30). Knowledge of the arts and sciences if rather the knowledge of the what AND the why - take for example theShow MoreRelatedThe Impact of Ethical Decisions on the Discovery of Knowledge in the Natural Science and Art1075 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Science cannot stop while ethics catches up†¦ and nobody should expect scientists to do all the thinking for the country† Elvin Charles Stakman (http://www.cesim.fr). The quote illustrates how science and ethics are interconnected but ethics is hindering what science can achieve. The knowledge is sue I will be addressing is what impact do ethical decisions have on limiting the discovery of knowledge in the natural sciences and arts? One day in biology class we were discussing the potential benefitsRead MoreIn Areas of Knowledge Such as the Arts or the Sciences, Do We Learn More from Work That Follows or That Breaks with Accepted Convention?1825 Words   |  8 PagesTOK ESSAY In areas of knowledge such as the arts and the sciences, do we learn more from work that follows or that breaks with accepted conventions? Question 6: In areas of knowledge such as the arts and the sciences, do we learn more from work that follows or that breaks with accepted conventions? Is it possible that we learn equally from seemingly contradictory situations of work that follows and work that breaks with accepted conventions? Stereotypically the sciences and mathematics are allRead MoreThe Natural Sciences And The Arts1179 Words   |  5 Pagesthe natural sciences and the arts. Reason and imagination play an important role in both understanding and comparing progress in the natural sciences and the arts but, while the imaginative insights of a scientist must ultimately be provable, those of artists need only to be reasonable. The interactions between these ways of knowing vary between the natural sciences and the arts, therefore the definition of progress will differ in each area of knowledge. Similarly the natural sciences can be seenRead MoreJohn Dewey s The Declaration Of Education919 Words   |  4 Pagesthe passage. Dewey believes that art and science are considered two of the most important subjects, but when the two come together as one, they become eve n more significant to the learner. Dewey first states that â€Å"the art of thus giving shape to human powers and adapting them to social service, is the supreme art; one calling into its service the best of artists; that no insight, sympathy, tact, executive power is too great for such service† (Dewey 9). Although, art education gets little to no recognitionRead MoreEssay on Strategic Management1145 Words   |  5 Pagesdecisions as well as acts managers set about, and which determines the outcome of the organization’s performance. Incisively, a science is whatever skill that manifests detailed use of facts for a particular purpose. Subsequently, art is clearly characterized as the skill critical for any human tasks. Not only is strategic management a behavioral science, but also is an art, since its application in the relative situations involve these two perspectives. Introduction Ordinarily, the main functionRead MoreStrategic Management1232 Words   |  5 Pagesorganizations’ performance.In this respect, strategic management draws higher profitability if well planned and executed. Incisively, a science is whatever skill that manifests detailed use of facts for a particular purpose. Subsequently, an art is clearly characterized as skill critical for any human tasks. Not only is strategic management a behavioral science, but also is an art, since its application in relative situations involves these two perspectives (Bingham and Eisenhardt 1437-1467). Introduction Read MoreIs Nursing an Art or Science1576 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿ Is Nursing an Art or Science, or Both? NUR 1214 Abstract Nursing is defined and referred to as both an art and a science through theory and research in nursing practice. Although the science of nursing is grounded on the acquirement of knowledge and skills, along with theoretical understanding of nursing, but it is also described as ‘an experience lived between human beings’. Is Nursing an Art or Science, or Both? Introduction The terms science and art are essential for the nursing practiceRead MoreEthical Implications in the Fields of Science and Arts Essay1462 Words   |  6 PagesThe knowledge question is asking to identify and discuss ethical implications that might interfere with the production of knowledge in the field of natural sciences and arts. Ethics is defined as the moral principles that govern a person’s or group’s behaviors and actions towards a certain subject. Ethical implications are the problems that a certain action would have on ethics. This particular essay title tackles the areas of knowledge of natural sciences and arts and ethics. Many knowledge issuesRead MoreIs management an art or a science1538 Words   |  7 Pagesquestion has been raised and various people have given an insight on what their beliefs are on whether management is an art or a science. To be able to determine where management falls in these two terms, it is important to know what they each mean and give support as to why it can either be an art or a science. Below shall be a discussion in detail on whether management is an art or a science but to begin with it is important to know what management is and what it entails. Management according to HenriRead MoreEthical Judgements Limit the Methods Available1400 Words   |  6 Pages We make decisions all the time whether it would be in the arts or in the natural sciences. Natural science is an area of knowledge that seeks for patterns. Meanwhile the arts is a discipline in which we express both ethical and unethical ideas that are more subjective. Both areas of knowledge are affected by the ethical judgements that people make in the production and of knowledge. Ethical judgements are related to human moral values and they affect how people should or should not act (Dombrowski

Pricing and Revenue Management

Question: Explain about the pricing and revenue management. Answer: Recommended Pricing Summary:- Monkey Baa is a popular theatre group of Australia, whose target audiences are mainly young generation. The prime goal of the company is to attract more young audiences towards the new-age theatre. The company wishes to introduce new pricing strategy to make the plays more popular and draw more crowds to the theatre hall. Therefore, the new pricing strategy of the company suggests that there should three different prices for three different groups. The recommended prices for the company are $ 47.50, $63.90 and $ 87.85 for for 2 set of tickets, 3 set of tickets and 4 set of tickets respectively. The new pricing policy can be applied both individually and in a bundle. But the nature of the pricing strategy suggests that if it is applied in bundle it will be more profitable for the company and cost-effective for consumers as well (Ellickson et al. 2012). Determination of the recommended Prices:- The recommended prices have been determined through extensive market research and data analysis. Various audiences have been interviewed with a set of questionnaire. As per the consumers preferences and behavior, three different groups are selected on the basis of the number of tickets. By analyzing several pricing approaches, three individual price ranges are set for the three groups. Then the information, gathered from the consumers, are used to analyzed the different prices under the three groups under two different statistical method. The outcomes of the two methods are further compared with the cost of production and market trend to select the best possible prices for each group (Sauer 2015). Implementation Strategy:- The implementation of the new pricing strategy is also suggested in the report. The implementation can be conducted through various platforms. The social media marketing can be proved to be effective to attract the younger audiences. Moreover, the company can use online websites for distribution of the tickets. Monkey Baa may also adopt various typical advertising strategies to communicate the potential consumers about the new pricing strategy (Bodea and Ferguson 2014). Possible Price Implementation Issue:- The main issue for the successful implementation of the new pricing policy, is the consumer behavior. The success of the theatre industry depends mainly on the performance of the actors and quality of the play. If the consumers do not get satisfied by the quality performance or their preference do not match with the company, the new pricing strategy cannot be successful. Moreover, the average costs, used for the calculation of the pricing, were based on estimation. If the actual costs become higher than the estimation, then also the new pricing cannot be able generate the required profit for the company (McMahon-Beattie et al. 2016). Alternative Pricing Options:- The pricing strategy can be determined on basis of different approaches also. The pricing is set on the basis of quantity of tickets. It can be determined on the basis of the age-group or combination of the different age-group. Moreover, the company may follow the market trend to set a price level. The company can charge different prices for different plays on the basis of the actual production cost, to be incurred for the individual plays. Reference List:- Bodea, T. and Ferguson, M., 2014. Segmentation, revenue management and pricing analytics. Routledge. Ellickson, P.B., Misra, S. Nair, H.S. 2012, "Repositioning dynamics and pricing strategy",Journal of Marketing Research,vol. 49, no. 6, pp. 750 McMahon-Beattie, U., McEntee, M., McKenna, R., Yeoman, I. and Hollywood, L., 2016. Revenue management, pricing and the consumer. Journal of Revenue and Pricing Management. Sauer, B. 2015, "The benefits of variable pricing strategies",Trailer/Body Builders (Online Exclusive.

Janette Turner Hospital 4 Vivid Female Characters In Her Two Novels E

Janette Turner Hospital: 4 Vivid Female Characters In Her Two Novels With " beautifully executed images" , Janette Turner Hospital creates four vivid female character in her two novels. The four characters are Juliet and Yashoda in The Ivory Swing and Elizabeth and Emily in The Tiger in the Tiger Pit . Each of the above is invested by Turner Hospital with a deep consciousness. In the view of Janette Turner Hospital, women are immensely uncertain. They are never sure of what they want. However, when it comes to dealing with external conflicts, they are very strong-willed. On the other hand, she also indicates that maternal love is strong. Women have passionate beliefs in the importance of the family. As the stories follow, these feminine personalities are gradually proved. Before leaving for India, Juliet had a hard time deciding whether to stay with her professor husband, David, or move to Montreal to stay with her former lover Jeremy. Uncertain as usual, all Juliet wants is to " maintain the balancing act." She could never summon up the courage to face new circumstances. Her mind is never firm enough to challenge the present state. So she makes her choice in the order of morality. She stays with her husband and leaves for India with him. It is more likely that the fate designated Juliet's future. She is married to Dave on her own accord. Therefore, she does what a good wife is supposed to do. 1. Reviewed in : Booklist v.79 p.994 Apr 1, 1983 2. " The Ivory Swing " p.18 In Kerala, where David is on sabbatical to study primitive Indian culture, the couple encounters Yashoda," a widow who does not accept the fate and rigid rules of her culture." Yashoda wants the right to wear jewellery, to appear in public; most of all, she wants love. She does not care about either inauspicious or disgrace. She even runs the risk of being penalized to travel with Annie. For an Indian woman such as Yashoda, it is considered quite difficult adjusting to her society. Among the four female characters, many similarities are found between Juliet and Elizabeth. Like Juliet, Elizabeth has to choose between her husband and lover. The only difference is that the death of her lover has certainly made her life easier. She no longer doubts anymore after Jeremy's death. Her cross-roads becomes one way and ever since then her life is as simple as an ordinary housewife. Elizabeth still recalls her past, but she appreciates that fact that fate decides her future for her. In this case she avoids family and friendship broken. And she has something to remembrance for a life time. Elizabeth's youngest child, Emily, is the mysterious woman of the four. In Montreal where she happens to be pregnant and Sydney where she encounters her lover, Dave. She thereafter moves to England. It is obvious that Emily love Dave a lot; but she is a uncertain as can be. Her leaving Dave without even saying good-bye represents her 3. Reviewed in : Booklist v.79 p.994 Apr,1983 doubts. She is afraid that once she has to face the reality, her love for Dave, she would crush. Juliet and Elizabeth both stay with their husbands after all, yet they do not own what they really want. Dave has noticed Juliet's " staring from the window of their house like a woman behind bars" , so has Emily mentions about her about her mother's " standing at the French window like a caged bird." Emily is aware of her uncertainty. Therefore, she decides to leave Dave for England. In her opinion she only wants to get away from complicated life to sort things out; but instead of talking to Dave about it, she leaves secretly. Her doing so has hurt Dave and sacrificed her son's, Adam, happiness as well as her own. It is easy to get this kind of impression that Yashoda might be the exceptional certain woman because it seems that she fights for her ideas; however, if she has the courage to challenge realities, she should be brave enough to face the results. On the contrary, Yashoda begs for rescue. One can only say she acts as if she was a spoiled kid. The four women all have something in common. The problem is they are afraid to let out their feelings. 4. " The Ivory Swing " p.152 5. " The Tiger in the Tiger Pit " p.32 Although Janette Turner Hospital implies that women are uncertain, she believes that when it comes to dealing with external conflicts,